London Cityscape with Thames river

What is the London strategic heat main?

The London Strategic Heat Main is the UK’s first large-scale heat transmission system – infrastructure which has existed for decades across Europe and Asia. It will transport surplus low-carbon heat, initially from Cory’s facilities at the Riverside campus in Belvedere, Bexley to local heat distribution networks across London that will provide heating and hot water to homes and businesses.

The London Strategic Heat Main is a project of national significance that aims to provide London with energy that is secure, affordable, clean and local.

How will the London Strategic Heat Main work?

The heat transmission main will capture surplus heat from industrial sources – initially Cory’s energy from waste (EfW) facilities at the Riverside campus in Belvedere - which would otherwise be lost. This heat will be transported via underground pipework, acting as a ‘trunk’ to serve areas of high heat demand in London. At various points along the heat transmission main, local heat distribution networks will be able to connect and heat will be transferred to homes and businesses.

Heat distribution networks are made up of smaller pipes, carrying hot water from a central energy source directly to homes and businesses, providing heating and hot water without the need for individual gas boilers in each building. Similar to the motorway network, the London Strategic Heat Main will move large amounts of heat quickly, over a long distance. The heat distribution networks then act as the local road network, connecting heat directly to homes and businesses. 

Currently, homes and businesses across London and the UK are principally heated by burning gas. To meet policy goals of decarbonisation, energy security and consumer protection from international price shocks, a major expansion of district heating is planned in UK urban centres.

Central London has a large and dense heat load which makes it particularly well suited to district heating; however, the largest and most suitable sources of waste heat are located around the edges of London. Heat transmission infrastructure is therefore required to bring waste heat from where it is generated, to where it is needed, connecting via the district heat networks.

As summers become hotter, studies are also underway to examine if the London Strategic Heat Main could also provide city level cooling – via absorption heat pumps – as in Abu Dhabi and Paris.

Where will it be located?

The London Strategic Heat Main is a linear project that will transfer heat from sources on the Thames estuary - initially Cory’s energy from waste (EfW) facilities in Belvedere - to areas of high demand across central and east London. At this early stage of the project, the trunk main is over 20km long and will provide heat to 11 London boroughs. 

Cory heatmap route - diagram

What are the benefits of the project?

Secure Energy

The London Strategic Heat Main will help to protect Londoners from the volatility of international fossil fuel markets.

Clean Energy

Under the UK Government carbon metrics, the initial source of heat gives a c.95% carbon reduction against gas, and a c.60% carbon reduction against heat pumps.

Affordable Energy

The London Strategic Heat Main is expected to supply heat to local heat networks, below the cost of gas.

Local Energy

The waste heat transported by the London Strategic Heat Main has the potential to supply heat to the equivalent of up to 650,000 London homes.

Projected Timeline

The London Strategic Heat Main is in the early pre-application stage of the Development Consent Order (DCO) process. As more detailed route information becomes available, it will be shared with communities and stakeholders to support informed feedback. 

2022
2023
2024
2025
2025
2025
2026
2026
2027
2027
2027/2028
2029
Early / Mid 2030s
2022

Ukraine war causes gas prices soar, putting huge financial pressure on UK households and businesses.

2023

The Energy Act 2023 establishes the conditions for large scale heat networks across London. This creates the conditions for the London Strategic Heat Main (LSHM) to bring low cost, secure heating to central London at scale.

2024

LSHM team and London stakeholders visit existing international exemplar projects in Denmark and Sweden – built following the oil price shock of the 1970s.

2025

(Spring)

Completion of first feasibility studies on the LSHM.

2025

(Summer)

The Greater London Authority completes a Waste Heat study, identifying strategic heat sources and long-range transmission as a future heating model for London. Cory’s Riverside facility identified as London’s largest waste heat source.

2025

(Summer)

Direction by the Secretary of State classifying the LSHM as Nationally Significant. It is the first cross-London project to receive this designation since Thames Tideway.

2026

(Spring)

LSHM designated a priority under the Mayor of London and London Council’s London Infrastructure Framework, alongside projects such as the Bakerloo Line Extension, and DLR Extension to Thamesmead.

2026

(Summer)

EIA scoping.

2027

(Spring)

Launch of first public consultation.

2027

(Summer)

Launch of second public consultation.

2027/2028

DCO submission.

2029

DCO decision.

Early / Mid 2030s

Construction and first heat is transmitted.

A Development Consent Order (DCO) is a legislative document gained under the Planning Act 2008 that provides planning permission and other related powers for nationally significant infrastructure projects, which are large-scale developments relating to energy, transport, water and waste. DCO applications are submitted to the Planning Inspectorate, which appoints an Examining Authority to examine applications. Following examination, the Examining Authority makes a recommendation to the relevant Secretary of State on whether development consent is to be granted. The Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero will make the final decision on whether to grant the DCO application for the London Strategic Heat Main.

How much disruption will be caused by the construction of this project?
We will work hard to reduce potential temporary negative impacts wherever practicable. There will be temporary disruption to some residential roads and public highways as the pipework and above ground infrastructure is installed. To minimise this, the pipeline network is being built using micro-tunnelling machines, removing the need to dig open trenches along the entire route.
How long will it be until this network is providing heat?
The project is in the early design phase and Cory is currently preparing a Development Consent Order (DCO) application. Before construction can begin, the Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero will make the final decision on whether to grant development consent. Upon completion of construction, we expect heat to be supplied in London from the early to mid 2030s.
How will I benefit from the London Strategic Heat Main?
The London Strategic Heat Main aims to provide an alternative to gas heating that will be lower cost whilst protecting consumers from the price volatility of international fossil fuel markets. By using locally produced energy from London's waste, the pipeline will help to ensure that energy prices remain stable and affordable over the long term.

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